Yeast Infection
Yeast infection produces a spectrum of symptoms. In general, the more intense the itching and redness, the greater the number of yeast organisms present. For some women, secretions predominate, with profuse discharge that sticks to the vaginal wall in thick white patches or white plaques. This is sometimes called vaginal thrush. This problem can usually be diagnosed simply with a pelvic examination where the vaginal discharge is swabbed and sent for culture. Treatment is usually a combination of vaginal pessaries from one to seven days.
Bacterial Vaginosis(BV)
This problem is as common as yeast/thrush or fungal infection and presents as vaginal discharge (may be yellow green in contrast to white discharge in yeast infection) as well. You can also get some soreness and some irritation around the vulva from it.
Most of the time, we can confirm the diagnosis by obtaining a vaginal swab and sending it off to the laboratory. In the meantime, we usually order some vaginal pessaries or even oral medication for 7 to 10 days to treat the condition. BV is not considered a sexually transmitted infection but rather an imbalance in the bacteria normally found in the vaginal in the same way like a yeast infection. You should see a gynecologist or GP for treatment.
Cervicitis
It means an infection of the cervix. This usually involves the glandular elements (columnar epithelium) of the cervix and is usually caused by organisms found in the vagina. Sometimes it is caused by such sexually transmitted diseases as chlamydia or gonorrhea. Most cases of cervicitis are unnoticed by the patient, but some notice painful intercourse, persistent vaginal discharge, aching pelvic pain or menstrual cramps.
The diagnosis can be confirmed by palpation of the cervix. Normally, this doesn't hurt, but in the case of cervicitis, compression or movement of the cervix causes some discomfort. When clinically warranted, testing for STDs can be helpful before initiating treatment. If found, they should be treated individually.
A simple course of oral antibiotics can be effective at resolving the cervicitis, although if there is extensive cervical ectropion, the cervicitis may return. For recurrent cervicitis, some form of cervical ablation is usually needed, in addition to a short course of antibiotics, to permanently resolve the problem.
How Can I Avoid or Prevent Vaginal Infection?
There are several steps you can take to prevent getting a vaginal infection.
Only wear white cotton underwear and change them often.
Do not use petroleum based lubricants during sex or to moisturize the vagina. Use water based instead.
Simply wipe from front to back when using the restroom. This will also prevent urinary tract infections.
Do not use scented feminine products, soaps or perfumes in the vaginal area.
Do not douche. Douching disrupts the vagina's ability to properly clean itself naturally and can directly lead to a vaginal yeast infection.
